pv.md

显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息,管道查看器。

补充说明

pv命令 Pipe Viewer 的简称,由Andrew Wood 开发。意思是通过管道显示数据处理进度的信息。这些信息包括已经耗费的时间,完成的百分比(通过进度条显示),当前的速度,全部传输的数据,以及估计剩余的时间。

下载安装

# Debian 系的操作系统,如 Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install pv

# RedHat系的则这样:
yum install pv

语法

pv(选项)(参数)
pv [OPTION] [FILE]...

选项

-p, --progress           show progress bar
-t, --timer              show elapsed time
-e, --eta                show estimated time of arrival (completion)
-I, --fineta             show absolute estimated time of arrival
                         (completion)
-r, --rate               show data transfer rate counter
-a, --average-rate       show data transfer average rate counter
-b, --bytes              show number of bytes transferred
-T, --buffer-percent     show percentage of transfer buffer in use
-A, --last-written NUM   show NUM bytes last written
-F, --format FORMAT      set output format to FORMAT
-n, --numeric            输出百分比
-q, --quiet              do not output any transfer information at all

-W, --wait               display nothing until first byte transferred
-D, --delay-start SEC    display nothing until SEC seconds have passed
-s, --size SIZE          set estimated data size to SIZE bytes
-l, --line-mode          count lines instead of bytes
-0, --null               lines are null-terminated
-i, --interval SEC       update every SEC seconds
-w, --width WIDTH        assume terminal is WIDTH characters wide
-H, --height HEIGHT      assume terminal is HEIGHT rows high
-N, --name NAME          prefix visual information with NAME
-f, --force              output even if standard error is not a terminal
-c, --cursor             use cursor positioning escape sequences

-L, --rate-limit RATE    limit transfer to RATE bytes per second
-B, --buffer-size BYTES  use a buffer size of BYTES
-C, --no-splice          never use splice(), always use read/write
-E, --skip-errors        skip read errors in input
-S, --stop-at-size       stop after --size bytes have been transferred
-R, --remote PID         update settings of process PID

-P, --pidfile FILE       save process ID in FILE

-d, --watchfd PID[:FD]   watch file FD opened by process PID

-h, --help               显示帮助
-V, --version            显示版本信息

实例

我们(在 linux 上使用命令行的用户)的大多数使用场景都会用到的命令是从一个 USB 驱动器拷贝电影文件到你的电脑。如果你使用 cp 来完成上面的任务,你会什么情况都不清楚,直到整个复制过程结束或者出错。

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